These agreements, much like the former agreements, presume primary regulatory and oversight will be performed by the National Indian Gaming Commission (NIGC). However, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit affirmed the Washington D.C. Federal District Court’s August 2005 ruling in Colorado River Indian Tribes v. NIGC, (D.D.C. Aug. 2005). The Court held that the NIGC does not have authority to promulgate or enforce regulatory oversight. Therefore, all regulatory oversight of gaming is left to each state to include in their tribal state compacts.